Helios64: Added howto transfer OS page
from SD card to eMMC from SD card to eMMC + SATA or USB
This commit is contained in:
Aditya Prayoga
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Armbian provides a utility called *nand-sata-install* to transfer OS from SD card to other device such as USB, SATA, or NVMe.
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The utility can be invoke directly,
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```
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sudo nand-sata-install
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```
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or the recommended way, through *armbian-config*
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```
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sudo armbian-config
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```
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Helios64 support following boot mode
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| Boot Device | System / Rootfs Device |
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|-------------|------------------------|
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| eMMC | eMMC<br>SATA Drive<br>USB Drive|
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Boot device contains bootloader and other boot files such as kernel and DTB. It will be mounted under /boot/.
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!!! Notes
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*nand-sata-install* requires the target device already partitioned!
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## System on eMMC
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***Step 1 - Run Armbian Configuration Utility***
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***Step 2 - Select Install Menu***
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***Step 3 - Select Boot from eMMC - system on eMMC***
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***Step 4 - Confirm that the process will erase data on eMMC***
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***Step 5 - Select filesystem type for eMMC***
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***Step 6 - Wait for transfer process completed***
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***Step 7 - Power Off Helios64 if you don't have OMV Installed***
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**DO NOT** power off if you have installed OMV. There are several OMV files & folders not transferred by *nand-sata-install*.
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Please refer to [After running *nand-sata-install*](#existing-os-has-omv-installed) section before continue to next step.
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***Step 8 - Remove Micro SD card and power on the system***
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***Step 9 - Verify if the system transferred correctly***
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sda1 8:1 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdb 8:16 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sdb1 8:17 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdc 8:32 1 28.7G 0 disk
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└─sdc1 8:33 1 28.4G 0 part
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mmcblk1 179:0 0 14.6G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk1p1 179:1 0 14.4G 0 part /
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mmcblk1boot0 179:32 0 4M 1 disk
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mmcblk1boot1 179:64 0 4M 1 disk
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zram0 251:0 0 50M 0 disk /var/log
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zram1 251:1 0 1.9G 0 disk [SWAP]
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```
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You should see **mmcblk1p1** has MOUNTPOINT **/**
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## System on USB or SATA (Including M.2 SATA)
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Determine which block device
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list block devices
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sda1 8:1 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdb 8:16 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sdb1 8:17 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdc 8:32 1 28.7G 0 disk
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└─sdc1 8:33 1 28.4G 0 part
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mmcblk0 179:0 0 14.9G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 14.7G 0 part /
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mmcblk1 179:32 0 14.6G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk1p1 179:33 0 14.4G 0 part
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mmcblk1boot0 179:64 0 4M 1 disk
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mmcblk1boot1 179:96 0 4M 1 disk
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zram0 251:0 0 50M 0 disk /var/log
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zram1 251:1 0 1.9G 0 disk [SWAP]
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root@helios64:~# ls -l /sys/block/
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total 0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop0 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop1 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop1
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop2 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop2
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop3 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop3
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop4 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop4
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop5 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop5
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop6 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop6
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 loop7 -> ../devices/virtual/block/loop7
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 mmcblk0 -> ../devices/platform/fe320000.mmc/mmc_host/mmc0/mmc0:aaaa/block/mmcblk0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 mmcblk1 -> ../devices/platform/fe330000.sdhci/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/block/mmcblk1
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 mmcblk1boot0 -> ../devices/platform/fe330000.sdhci/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/block/mmcblk1/mmcblk1boot0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 mmcblk1boot1 -> ../devices/platform/fe330000.sdhci/mmc_host/mmc1/mmc1:0001/block/mmcblk1/mmcblk1boot1
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 sda -> ../devices/platform/f8000000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 sdb -> ../devices/platform/f8000000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/ata4/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdb
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 sdc -> ../devices/platform/usb@fe900000/fe900000.usb/xhci-hcd.0.auto/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/host5/target5:0:0/5:0:0:0/block/sdc
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 zram0 -> ../devices/virtual/block/zram0
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 zram1 -> ../devices/virtual/block/zram1
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Nov 5 10:13 zram2 -> ../devices/virtual/block/zram2
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```
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| Block Device | Physical drive | Remarks |
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|--------------|----------------|---------|
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| **mmcblk0** | micro SD card | |
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| **mmcblk1** | eMMC | |
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| **sda** | SATA or M.2 drive connected to Port 1 | *../devices/platform/f8000000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/***ata1***/* |
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| **sdb** | SATA drive connected to Port 4 | *../devices/platform/f8000000.pcie/pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/0000:01:00.0/***ata4***/* |
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| **sdc** | USB drive connected to USB Port 3 (Front Panel) | *../devices/platform/usb@fe900000/fe900000.usb/xhci-hcd.0.auto/usb2/2-1/2-1***.3***/* |
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***Step 1 - Run Armbian Configuration Utility***
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```
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sudo armbian-config
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```
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***Step 2 - Select Install Menu***
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***Step 3 - Select Boot from eMMC - system on SATA, USB or NVMe***
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**Step 4 - Select storage device and partition for rootfs***
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*SATA drive at port 1 as System drive*
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---
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*USB drive as System drive*
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***Step 5 - Confirm that the process will erase data on eMMC and system partition***
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**Step 6 - Select filesystem type for eMMC***
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Wait until formatting process completed
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***Step 7 - Select filesystem type for system partition***
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Wait until formatting process completed
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***Step 8 - Wait for transfer process completed***
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***Step 9 - Power Off Helios64 if you don't have OMV Installed***
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**DO NOT** power off if you have installed OMV. There are several OMV files & folders not transferred by *nand-sata-install*.
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Please refer to [After running *nand-sata-install*](#existing-os-has-omv-installed) section before continue to next step.
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***Step 10 - Remove Micro SD card and power on the system***
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**Step 11 - Verify if the system transferred correctly***
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*System on SATA or M.2*
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sda1 8:1 0 111.8G 0 part /
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sdb 8:16 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sdb1 8:17 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdc 8:32 1 28.7G 0 disk
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└─sdc1 8:33 1 28.4G 0 part
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mmcblk1 179:0 0 14.6G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk1p1 179:1 0 14.4G 0 part /media/mmcboot
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mmcblk1boot0 179:32 0 4M 1 disk
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mmcblk1boot1 179:64 0 4M 1 disk
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zram0 251:0 0 50M 0 disk /var/log
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zram1 251:1 0 1.9G 0 disk [SWAP]
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```
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You should see SATA drive at Port 1 has MOUNTPOINT **/** and eMMC has MOUNTPOINT **/media/mmcboot**
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---
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*System on USB*
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sda1 8:1 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdb 8:16 0 111.8G 0 disk
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└─sdb1 8:17 0 111.8G 0 part
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sdc 8:32 1 28.7G 0 disk
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└─sdc1 8:33 1 28.4G 0 part /
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mmcblk1 179:0 0 14.6G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk1p1 179:1 0 14.4G 0 part /media/mmcboot
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mmcblk1boot0 179:32 0 4M 1 disk
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mmcblk1boot1 179:64 0 4M 1 disk
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zram0 251:0 0 50M 0 disk /var/log
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zram1 251:1 0 1.9G 0 disk [SWAP]
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```
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You should see USB drive has MOUNTPOINT **/** and eMMC has MOUNTPOINT **/media/mmcboot**
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## Existing OS Has OMV Installed
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Transferring rootfs using *nand-sata-install* will break OMV due to missing files. To prevent this, you need to proceed following section.
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### Preparation before running *nand-sata-install*
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If you have configured NFS share located on SATA drive(s), you might like to prevent the content to be copied over to eMMC. run following command to prevent it
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```
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echo "/export/*" | sudo tee -a /usr/lib/nand-sata-install/exclude.txt
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```
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Lastly, if you're using ZFS, which by default mounts to **/<pool_name>**, make sure to add its mountpoint to **/usr/lib/nand-sata-install/exclude.txt** before running *nand-sata-install* as well.
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### After running *nand-sata-install*
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OMV 5 stores part of its config (**salt** and **pillar** folders) in **/srv/** which are excluded by *nand-sata-install*.
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Before power off the system to finalize the system transfer, we need to mount system partition and copy those folders into it and finally power off the system.
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```
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sudo mkdir -p /mnt/system
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sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/system
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sudo cp -rf -t /mnt/system/srv/ /srv/salt /srv/pillar
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sudo poweroff
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```
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!!! Note
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Pay attention to block device of system partition at second command. In this case /dev/sda1 is SATA drive at Port 1.
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Now you can continue to remove the micro SD card and power on the system.
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## References
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- [Armbian Documentation](https://docs.armbian.com/User-Guide_Getting-Started/#how-to-install-to-emmc-nand-sata-usb)
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- [Tips from antsu at Armbian Forum](https://forum.armbian.com/topic/15431-helios64-support/?do=findComment&comment=110715)
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@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ nav:
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- eMMC Install : 'helios64/install/emmc.md'
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- SDcard Install : 'helios64/install/sdcard.md'
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- First Start : 'helios64/install/first-start.md'
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- Transfer Installed OS: 'helios64/install/transfer.md'
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- Recovery :
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- Recovery Mode: '/helios64/button/#recovery-button'
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- Maskrom Mode: 'helios64/maskrom.md'
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