364 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
364 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
This is a basic guide to help you setting up Helios4 NAS with [OpenMediaVault](https://www.openmediavault.org/) (**OMV**). OMV offers a large collection of features that we don't cover here. We invite you to look online for the existing OMV guides or go on the [OMV forum](https://forum.openmediavault.org/index.php/Board/29-Guides/).
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## What is OpenMediaVault?
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OpenMediaVault (OMV) is a next-gen network attached storage (NAS) software based on Debian Linux. It contains services like SSH, (S)FTP, SMB/CIFS, DAAP media server, RSync, BitTorrent client and many more... all configurable via a Web Control Panel. Thanks to a modular framework design, new features can be added to OMV via plugins. It is a simple and easy to use out-of-the-box solution that will allow everyone to install and administrate a Network Attached Storage without deeper knowledge.
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## Connect to OpenMediaVault (OMV) Control Panel
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Open your web browser and go to the one of the following addresses :
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* http://helios4.local<br>
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* http://*xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx* ([How to check Helios4 IP address](/install/#step-6-checkset-ip-address))
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**Default credential :**
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* Username: admin
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* Password: openmediavault
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*Login Screen*
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*Dashboard View*
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## Wipe Disk (Optional)
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If you are using HDDs which aren't blank or brand new you might need to wipe them first before being able to setup a RAID array.
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> Go to **Physical Disks** page in *Storage* section.
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> Select an HDD and click **Wipe**.
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!!! note
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HDDs are the devices starting with **/dev/sdX**
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> Click **Quick** wipe method.
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> Repeat above steps for each HDD you want to use for your RAID array.
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## Create a RAID array
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In this guide we chose to create a RAID10 with 4 HDDs for the following reasons :
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- Best performance, less compute intensive.
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- Fastest (re)build, less performance degradation.
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- Support up to 2 disk failures, but not every 2 disk failures combination like RAID6.
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!!! info
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You can choose to go for RAID6 but take in consideration that the building will take up to 3 times the building time of RAID10. There are plenty of threads online which compare the pros and cons between each RAID option.
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> Go to **RAID Management** page in *Storage* section.
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> Click **Create**.
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> Select RAID level and the devices you want to use for the RAID array.
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> Give it a name and click **Create**.
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You can see the ongoing build / re-syncing process and get an estimated finish time.
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!!! important
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While you could carry on with some part of OMV configuration during the RAID re-syncing process, we strongly advice to let this process complete first. You should see the following in the RAID state once re-syncing is complete : **active**.
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!!! info
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Whenever you change some settings in OMV, the following banner will appear. You can immediately apply the configuration by clicking **Apply** or you can carry on with your configuration and apply the changes at a later stage.
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## Install LVM Plugin
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To have a better control of storage partitioning we will use Linux Logical Volume Manager (LVM). To create Logical Volume in OMV you will need first to install the LVM plugin.
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> Go to **Plugins** page in *System* section.
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To get the latest plugins you will need to update the plugins database.
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> Click **Check**
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Once plugins database update is done :
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> Search for *lvm* in the search field.
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> Select openmediavault-lvm2 and click **Install**.
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> Wait till the lvm plugins install shows *Done...* then click **Close**.
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!!! info
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OMV Control Panel will reload and you should see the **Logical Volume Management** page in *Storage* section.
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## Create a LVM Logical Volume
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To create a Logical Volume 3 steps are necessary :
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1. Add a Physical Volume. (The RAID array you created previously)
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2. Add a Volume Group. (Volume Group contains Physical Volumes)
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3. Add one ore more Logical Volumes. (Logical Volumes are like partitions)
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> Go to **Logical Volume Management** page in *Storage* section.
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> Click **Add** under *Physical Volumes* tab.
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> Select the RAID array you created previously and click **Save**.
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> Go to *Volume groups* tab.
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> Click **Add**.
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> Select the Physical Volume you just created.
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> Give it a name and click **Save**.
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> Go to *Logical volumes* tab.
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> Click **Add**.
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> Select the Volume Group you just created.
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> Choose a partition size.
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> Give it a name and click **Save**.
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!!! info
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You can create several Logical Volumes according to your needs and the way you want to organize your data.
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In the current example we created 2 volumes :
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- public : to put all non-sensitive data like movie & music collections.
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- secure : to setup an encrypted space for sensitive data (not covered in this guide).
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## Format and Mount Volume
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Now that your Logical Volumes are created, you need to format and mount them in order to use them.
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> Go to **File System** page in *Storage* section.
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> Click **Create**
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> Choose a Logical Volume you created.
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> Choose a File system type (e.g EXT4).
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> Give it a label and click **OK**.
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!!! info
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While you could choose BTRFS as a copy-on-write File system (COW), we recommend to use to EXT4 unless you know how to take advantage of BTRFS features.
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You can see the ongoing formatting process. You don't have to wait the process to finish.
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> Click **Close**.
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You can check the status of all devices.
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Once formatting process is complete, device status will show *Online*.
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!!! info
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Depending on your Logical Volume size, formatting can take a while to complete.
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> Select device you formatted and click **Mount**.
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> Repeat the action for each Logical Volume you created.
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## Create User
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In this guide we will create a super user *john* that will have the write access on the share folders we will create. We will also give SSH access and sudo right to this user.
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> Go to **User** page in *Access Rights Management* section.
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> Click **Add** under *Users* tab.
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> Fill Name and Password section.
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> Select */bin/bash* for Shell (Optional).
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> Go to *Groups* tab.
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> Activate group *ssh* and *sudo*.
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> Click **Save**.
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## Create Shared Folder
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Now you need to create Shared Folders that will be exposed through network sharing services. OMV offers many sharing service options, however in this guide we only show how to setup a Windows Share which is the most common option.
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> Go to **Share Folders** page in *Access Rights Management* section.
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> Click **Add**.
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> Fill Name (e.g movie).
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> Select Device which is one of the Logical Volumes you created and mounted previously.
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> Change Path Name if necessary.
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!!! info
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You can leave the default permission. But later on you should explore how the permissions settings work and impact your Share Folders.
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> Repeat the action to add more Share Folders.
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Once done you can see the list of Share Folders you have created and under which Device / Logical Volume they are.
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## Configure Windows Share (SMB/CIFS)
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We will now activate the Windows Share service (a.k.a SMB/CIFS) and enlist the Share Folders you created previously.
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> Go to **SMB/CIFS** page in *Services* section.
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> Toggle the Enable button under *General Settings*.
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> Go to *Shares* tab.
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> Click **Add**.
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> Choose a Shared Folder that you created previously.
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> Choose the Public settings (e.g Guests Allowed).
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> Click **Save**
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Once done you can see the list of active Shares.
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!!! info
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Don't forget to apply your settings by clicking **Apply** when the following banner appears.
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**Now you should be able to access your Share Folders from your laptop / computer connected to your Home network.**
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## Accessing Shared Folder (Linux / Ubuntu)
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### Using File Manager
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Some Linux flavors, like Ubuntu, provide File Manager that supports natively Windows Share Folder discovery and access.
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> Open File Manager
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> Go to Network
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> Click **helios4 - SMB/CIFS**
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!!! info
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If your File Manager doesn't find helios4, it can be due that your laptop / computer is not on the same subnet that Helios4. Check your network configuration.
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> Click on one of the Share Folders (e.g movie).
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> Select *Registered User*.
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> Enter Username and Password of the user you created previously (e.g john).
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> click **Connect**.
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Now you should be connected to the Share Folder. Check in the side pane, you should see something like *'movie on helios4.local'* with an Eject icon.
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You can start copying over from your laptop / computer files in the Share Folder.
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You can also try to access as anonymous user which should allow you access the files but not to add / delete files.
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> Click the **Eject** icon of the Share Folder.
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> Repeat above steps but this time connect as *Anonymous*.
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You can repeat the above steps to connect to your other Share Folders.
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### Using Terminal
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```bash
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$ mount -t cifs //10.10.10.1/movie /mnt -o username=anonymous
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```
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## Accessing Shared Folder (Windows)
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> Open File Explorer.
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> Go to Network.
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!!! info
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If your File Manager doesn't find helios4, it can be due that your laptop / computer is not on the same subnet that Helios4. Check your network configuration.
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> Go to Helios4.
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> Right-Click on a Share Folder and click **Map network drive...**.
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> Check *Connect using different credentials*.
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> Click **Finish**.
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> Enter Username and Password of the user you created previously (e.g john).
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> click **OK**.
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Now you should be connected to the Share Folder. Check in the side pane, you should see something like *'movie (\\\\HELIOS4)'*.
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You can repeat the above steps to connect to your other Share Folders.
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