252 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
252 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
The A388 System-On-Module used by Helios4 provides an **32 Mbit SPI NOR flash** connected to SPI bus 1, Chip Select 0 ([Winbond W25Q32BV Datasheet](https://media.digikey.com/pdf/Data%20Sheets/Winbond%20PDFs/W25Q32BV.pdf)).
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By default, Helios4 is configured to boot from microSD card. To boot from SPI NOR flash (after [writing U-Boot into SPI NOR flash](#write-u-boot-to-spi-nor-flash)), please change Boot Mode on DIP Switch **SW1** to:
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## Build U-Boot for SPI NOR flash
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Refer to [U-Boot](/helios4/uboot/) page to build the image.
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*A prebuilt SPI image of U-Boot for Armbian OS can be downloaded from [here (version 2013.01)](/helios4/files/uboot/u-boot-armbian-2013.01-spi.bin) or from [here (version 2018.11)](/helios4/files/uboot/u-boot-armbian-2018.11-spi.bin).*
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## Write U-Boot to SPI NOR flash
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!!! important
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Concurrent access on SPI NOR and SATA drives can lead to unstable SATA. The following instructions has taken this issue into consideration and workaround it by disabling the SATA temporary.
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### Under Armbian
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**Prerequisites:** The following is only supported since Armbian release **5.64**. Upgrade your system if necessary with the following command
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```
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sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
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```
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1) Edit /boot/armbianEnv.txt and enable spi_workaround. If the line doesn't exist, then just append it to the file.
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`spi_workaround=on`
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2) Reboot the system to apply the change
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3) Log in to Helios4, verify whether mtdblock0 is present using **lsblk**
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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mtdblock0 31:0 0 4M 0 disk
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mmcblk0 179:0 0 14.9G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 14.8G 0 part /
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```
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4) Get the U-Boot SPI image
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***A. Install/Update U-Boot package from Armbian***
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```
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get -y install linux-u-boot-helios4-next
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```
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***B. Download the Prebuilt Image from Wiki***
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*U-Boot 2018.11*
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```
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wget https://wiki.kobol.io/helios4/files/uboot/u-boot-armbian-2018.11-spi.bin
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sudo mv u-boot-armbian-2018.11-spi.bin /usr/lib/linux-u-boot-next-helios4_*/u-boot.flash
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```
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*Marvell U-Boot 2013.01*
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```
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wget https://wiki.kobol.io/helios4/files/uboot/u-boot-armbian-2013.01-spi.bin
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sudo mv u-boot-armbian-2013.01-spi.bin /usr/lib/linux-u-boot-next-helios4_*/u-boot.flash
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```
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***C. Custom U-Boot SPI Image***
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Upload the U-Boot SPI binary that you built on your PC to Helios4 and rename it as **u-boot.flash**.
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For example, if the Helios4 IP address is 10.10.10.1 the command would be:
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```
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scp u-boot-spl.kwb root@10.10.10.1:/usr/lib/linux-u-boot-next-helios4_*/u-boot.flash
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```
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!!! note
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Replace **u-boot-spl.kwb** with **u-boot-a38x-*-spi.bin** if you are using Marvell U-Boot 2013.01
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5) Run **nand-sata-install** utility
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```
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sudo nand-sata-install
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```
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6) Select option **Install/Update the bootloader on SPI Flash**
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And confirm the operation
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7) If you want to take the opportunity to move your RootFS to another device, jump to this [section](#moving-rootfs-to-other-device). Otherwise you may disable spi_workaround in /boot/armbianEnv.txt
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`spi_workaround=off`
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8) Set DIP switches **SW1** to SPI Boot and reboot the system.
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### Under Generic Linux
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!!! info
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You will need to access to Helios4 via Serial Console. Please refer to [Install](/helios4/install/#step-4-connect-to-helios4-serial-console) page for instructions.
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1) Upload the U-Boot SPI binary that you built to Helios4 and rename it as **u-boot-spi.bin**.
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2) Download boot_spi_en.scr from [here](/helios4/files/uboot/boot_spi_en.scr) and put it to /boot/.
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```
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sudo wget https://wiki.kobol.io/helios4/files/uboot/boot_spi_en.scr -O /boot/boot_spi_en.scr
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```
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*Source code of boot_spi_en.scr can be found [here](/helios4/files/uboot/boot_spi_en.cmd).*
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3) Switch to Helios4 serial console, then reboot the system
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```
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sudo reboot
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```
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4) Press any key to cancel the U-Boot autoboot and execute these commands
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```
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setenv script_name "/boot/boot_spi_en.scr"
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stage_boot mmc_scr
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```
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It will boot to Linux with modified device tree.
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5) Log in to Helios4, verify whether mtdblock0 is present using **lsblk**
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```
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lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
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mtdblock0 31:0 0 4M 0 disk
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mmcblk0 179:0 0 14.9G 0 disk
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└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 14.8G 0 part /
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```
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6) Write the U-Boot binary to SPI flash using this command
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```
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sudo dd if=~/u-boot-spi.bin of=/dev/mtdblock0
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```
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7) Set DIP switches **SW1** to SPI Boot and reboot the system.
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Observe the first lines of boot message on serial console, it should display
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```
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BootROM - 1.73
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Booting from SPI flash
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```
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### Under U-Boot
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!!! info
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You will need to access to Helios4 via Serial Console. Please refer to [Install](/helios4/install/#step-4-connect-to-helios4-serial-console) page for instructions.
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1) Upload the U-Boot SPI binary to /boot folder on Helios4 and rename it as **u-boot-spi.bin**.
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For example, if the Helios4 IP address is 10.10.10.1 the command would be:
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```
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scp u-boot-spl.kwb root@10.10.10.1:/boot/u-boot-spi.bin
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```
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2) Switch to Helios4 serial console, login then reboot the system
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```
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sudo reboot
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```
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3) Press any key to cancel the U-Boot autoboot and execute these commands
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```
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load mmc 0:1 ${loaddaddr} /boot/u-boot-spi.bin
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sf probe
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sf erase 0 100000
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sf write ${loadaddr} 0 ${filesize}
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reset
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```
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4) Helios4 would reboot and boot to existing operating system.
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## Set Up U-Boot Environment
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!!! important
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Prebuilt SPI images for Armbian are configured to automatically run /boot/boot.scr on microSD or USB drive. There is no need to set up u-boot environment to boot Armbian.
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Add U-Boot ENV variables to prevent U-Boot to relocate fdt and initrd into RAM address that is not accessible by kernel, and set the correct device tree name for Helios4 board
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```
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setenv fdt_high 0xffffffff
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setenv initrd_high 0xffffffff
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setenv fdtfile armada-388-helios4.dtb
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saveenv
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```
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- To automatically boot Linux on microSD card
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```
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setenv bootargs '${console} root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootwait'
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setenv bootcmd 'ext2load mmc 0:1 ${kernel_addr_r} /boot/zImage; ext2load mmc 0:1 ${ramdisk_addr_r} /boot/uInitrd; ext2load mmc 0:1 ${fdt_addr} /boot/dtb/${fdtfile}; bootz ${kernel_addr_r} ${ramdisk_addr_r} ${fdt_addr}'
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saveenv
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```
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- To automatically boot Linux on USB drive (assume UUID=1234)
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```
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setenv bootargs '${console} root=UUID=1234 rootwait'
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setenv bootcmd 'usb start; ext2load usb 0:1 ${kernel_addr_r} /boot/zImage; ext2load usb 0:1 ${ramdisk_addr_r} /boot/uInitrd; ext2load usb 0:1 ${fdt_addr} /boot/dtb/${fdtfile}; bootz ${kernel_addr_r} ${ramdisk_addr_r} ${fdt_addr}'
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saveenv
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```
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## Moving RootFS to Other Device
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Now you have the option to move your Root FileSystem to a storage device connected to USB3.0. Under Armbian you can use the **nand-sata-install** utility to easily take care of this procedure.
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!!! Important
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Only the USB **top port** is supported by U-Boot 2013. So you need to plug the storage device on which you want to move the RootFS in the top port. In U-Boot 2018 both USB ports are supported.
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1) Enable the *spi_workaround* if it's not enabled yet (refer to the above [section](#under-armbian)).
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2) Run **nand-sata-install** utility
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```
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sudo nand-sata-install
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```
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3) Select option **Boot from SPI - system on SATA, USB or NVMe**
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And follow the on screen instructions.
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4) When RootFS migration is done, disable spi_workaround.
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5) Set DIP switches **SW1** to SPI Boot and reboot the system.
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6) Check that your system has mounted the RootFS from the correct device.
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*It shouldn't be /dev/mmcblk0p1*
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```
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grep '/ ' /proc/mounts
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/dev/sdb1 / ext4 rw,noatime,nodiratime,errors=remount-ro,commit=600 0 0
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```
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You can now remove your microSD Card. However you should keep it aside, it can be useful in case you need to recover your system.
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