kobol-wiki/docs/helios64/pwm.md
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Helios64 Hardware Detailed Info (#27)
* Add detailed hardware info for Helios64
    - Button
    - Ethernet
    - Front Panel
    - GPIO
    - I2C
    - Jumper
    - LED
    - M.2
    - PMIC
    - PWM Fan
    - RTC
    - SATA
    - SPI
    - UEXT
    - UPS
    - USB

* Cosmetic upgrade and adapt to latest mkdocs-material version

Co-authored-by: nurix <nurix@pnsnc.local>
Co-authored-by: Aditya Prayoga <aditya@kobol.io>
2020-04-20 16:06:24 +08:00

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PWM Introduction

PWM, or pulse width modulation is a technique which allows us to adjust the average value of the voltage thats going to the electronic device by varying duty cycle of the power at a fast rate.

The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on. When a digital signal is on half of the time and off the other half of the time, the digital signal has a duty cycle of 50% and resembles a "square" wave. When a digital signal spends more time in the on state than the off state, it has a duty cycle of >50%. When a digital signal spends more time in the off state than the on state, it has a duty cycle of <50%. Here is a pictorial that illustrates these three scenarios:

PWM duty cycle

PWM Fan Implementation

Type-A

Type A Curve

Type-B

Type B Curve

Type-C

Type C Curve

PWM Fan Schematic

!Fan Control Schematic

Remarks

Description Header P7 Header P6 Remarks
PWM pin PWM0 PWM1 5V tolerant
SENSE pin GPIO4_C5 GPIO4_C7 no kernel module/userspace apps that make use of this pin yet
PWM Frequency 25 kHz 25 kHz defined in device tree

PWM Fan Connector

Fan Connector

Connector Pinout

Pin Function Wire Color
1 GND Black
2 12V Red
3 Sense Yellow
4 Control Blue